Technology simply explained
What is the h-x diagram?
The h,x diagram was developed by Richard Mollier in 1923 and enables changes in the state of moist air caused by heating, humidification, dehumidification or cooling to be clearly illustrated and calculated. These changes in state can be determined directly from the diagram using graphical methods.
What is adiabatic humidification?
There are essentially three physical methods: evaporation, atomisation and vaporisation. Evaporation is an isothermal process, whilst atomisation and vaporisation are adiabatic processes. In adiabatic air humidification, water is introduced into the air in liquid form and must therefore still reach the gaseous state. This requires energy, which is extracted from the ambient air in the form of heat. As this causes a drop in temperature, this process is also known as the adiabatic cooling effect.
What is isothermal humidification?
The term ‘isothermal humidification’ has become established to describe a method of humidification using water vapour in which the air temperature remains essentially constant during the humidification process.
Depending on the system, steam humidification can be controlled with great precision and, thanks to the use of a medium at over 100 °C, offers excellent hygiene standards. A steam humidifier can be powered either by electricity or by gas.
What is relative humidity?
Relative humidity is a percentage measure that describes how saturated the air is and how close its state is to the saturation point.
What is the difference between dew point control and enthalpy control?
First, a point below the target point, close to the saturation line, is identified on the h-x diagram.
Heating must take place before humidification. The point below the target point is then reached by applying maximum humidification.
How does a gas-powered steam humidifier work?
A gas-fired steam humidifier is an isothermal steam humidifier that uses a gas burner to heat the humidification water instead of electricity.
Particularly in industrial facilities where a gas network is already in use, the use of a gas-powered humidifier is usually more cost-effective than operating with electricity. (Depending on current gas or electricity prices)
How do you determine the humidification distance?
The humidification distancee refers to the distance required for the air to absorb the steam optimally. It essentially consists of the mist zone and the expansion and mixing zone.
How does adiabatic cooling / evaporative cooling work?
Indirect evaporative cooling is a process in which the cooling effect generated during phase change is used for cooling (e.g. to cool the air in an HVAC system).
How do you calculate the homogeneity index?
By calculating the homogeneity index, different steam distribution systems can be compared easily and clearly, and a concrete assessment can be made of the quality of the steam distribution.
What is a hybrid humidifier?
A hybrid humidifier utilises two adiabatic methods of air humidification. An atomiser unit and an evaporator unit are used in parallel to provide a sustainable solution to problems that arise when either is used on its own. Hybrid humidifiers thus achieve outstanding hygiene standards and highly economical operation.
What is an electrode steam humidifier?
An electrode steam humidifier is an isothermal humidifier that generates an electric current to heat the water.
What is a resistive steam humidifier?
A resistive steam humidifier is an isothermal humidifier that generates steam using electric immersion heaters.
Steam is produced in a stainless steel cylinder lined with a reusable plastic liner that helps prevent scale build-up. Because the system uses electric heating elements rather than relying on water conductivity, it can operate with both untreated tap water and fully demineralised water. Another key advantage is its fully modulating steam output, providing precise humidity control from 0 to 100%.
How does an adsorption dryer work?
An adsorption dryer is a dehumidifier that removes water vapour from the air by utilising the properties of a hygroscopic material known as a sorbent.
What is a condensation dehumidifier?
A condensation dehumidifier is a device that removes water vapour from the air using the natural principle of condensation.
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